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Haida Tattoos of the Pacific Northwest
Recorded by James G. Swan for the Smithsonian in his 1874 report "Haidah Indians: Queen Charlotte's Islands, British Columbia, with a Brief Description of Their Carvings, Tattoo Designs, Etc."
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"Figs., 14, 15, and 16 (Plate 7), representing the Skamsom or thunder bird, squid (octopus), noo, and the frog, Tl-kam-kostan, were copied from the tattooed marks on Kitkagens; the skamson or skamsquin on his back, the noo on front of each thight, and the Tl-kam-kostan on each ankle."
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"The designs which I have copied and described are but a portion of the whole which were tattooed on the persons of this party; but the limited time they remained did not enable me to make very extended examination. Enough, however, has been obtained to show that this subject is one of great ethnological value, and if followed up with zeal and intelligence would be certain to produce interesting results.
The limited time the Haidahs were at Port Townsend did not enable me to ascertain the origin of this system of carving, or of their tattooing their bodies; what little information I did obtain was given with evident reluctance; but, as we became more acquainted and they began to understand what my object was in obtaining information, they became more communicative, and promised me that this present summer (1874) they would again be here and would bring more carvings and would give me all the information I wished.
The Haidahs seem to have the greatest variety of design, and they seem to be the principal tribe who tattoo themselves to any extent. Where they acquired the practice or from whom it was learned, it will be difficult to determine. This is an interesting ethnological question, and worthy of further investigation.
This very brief memoir, made during the visit of a party of Haidah Indians for a few weeks in Port Townsend, will serve to show what could be effected if the Government would empower some person here, and appropriate sufficient funds to be expended in these ethnological and archaeological researches."
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